OBD Diagnostic Glossary by OBD-DIAG.FR

  1. ABS (Anti-lock Braking System): System that prevents the wheels from locking when braking, allowing the driver to maintain steering control.
  2. Airbag : Inflatable safety device intended to protect vehicle occupants in the event of a collision.
  3. Electronic control unit (ECU) : Unit that controls one or more electrical or electronic systems in a vehicle.
  4. CAN-Bus : Communication protocol that allows different components of a vehicle to communicate with each other without the need for a central computer.
  5. OBD error code : A specific code that indicates a problem with a certain component or system of the vehicle.
  6. On-board diagnostics (OBD) : On-board diagnostic system that monitors the operation of the engine and other vehicle systems.
  7. DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) : Specific codes that are generated when the OBD system detects a problem.
  8. EEPROM : Electrically erasable and programmable read-only memory, often used to store firmware in electronic control units.
  9. EMS (Engine Management System): System that controls engine function, including fuel management, ignition, and camshaft timing.
  10. FAP (Particulate Filter): A component that reduces the amount of soot particles emitted by diesel engines.
  11. Direct injection : A type of fuel injection system where fuel is injected directly into the engine's combustion chamber.
  12. Diagnostic interface : Device used to connect to a vehicle's OBD system and read diagnostic codes.
  13. J1939 : A communications protocol used for exchanging information between vehicle components, often used in commercial vehicles.
  14. MIL (Malfunction Indicator Lamp): A light on a vehicle's dashboard that illuminates when the OBD system detects a problem.
  15. Ignition module : Component that controls engine ignition.
  16. OBD protocol : The specific rules used for communication between a diagnostic interface and a vehicle's OBD system.
  17. ECU Reset : The process of resetting the electronic control unit to its factory settings.
  18. OBD scanner : A type of diagnostic interface that can read and clear trouble codes from OBD system memory.
  19. Lambda probe : A sensor used to measure the amount of oxygen in engine exhaust.
  20. TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System): A system that monitors the air pressure in the vehicle's tires.
  21. Turbocharger : A device that increases engine power output by forcing more air into the combustion chamber.
  22. VAN-Bus : A communication protocol used mainly by Peugeot and Citroën.
  23. WINE (Vehicle Identification Number): A unique number that identifies a specific vehicle.
  24. Adaptation : The process by which certain vehicle components “learn” how to operate optimally based on the specific conditions of the vehicle and its environment.
  25. Throttle position sensor : A sensor that monitors the position of the throttle valve in the engine.
  26. Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor : Sensor that detects pressure in the intake manifold, which helps the ECU adjust the air-fuel mixture.
  27. Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECT) : A sensor that monitors engine coolant temperature.
  28. Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) : A sensor that gives information about vehicle speed to the ECU and other systems.
  29. Rotation speed sensor : A sensor that measures the rotational speed of a component, such as a wheel or driveshaft.
  30. Climate control : Controls the temperature, air flow and air distribution in the vehicle cabin.
  31. Common Rail : A high-pressure fuel injection system used in modern diesel engines.
  32. Traction control : System that prevents wheel spin during acceleration by reducing engine power or applying the brakes.
  33. Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) : A system that improves vehicle stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction.
  34. Mass Air Flow Meter (MAF) : A sensor that measures the amount of air entering the engine.
  35. ECU Flash : The process of updating ECU firmware, often to improve engine performance.
  36. Injector : A device that sprays fuel into the engine's combustion chamber.
  37. Speed regulator : A system that allows the driver to maintain a constant speed without having to use the accelerator pedal.
  38. Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) : A system that monitors the air pressure in the vehicle's tires and alerts the driver if a problem occurs.
  39. Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) : A type of transmission that can shift continuously through an infinite range of gear ratios.
  40. Diagnostic case : A device used to communicate with a vehicle's on-board diagnostic system to identify potential problems.
  41. AAC (Camshaft) : It controls the opening and closing of the engine valves.
  42. Steering angle sensor : A sensor used to determine the angle at which the steering wheel is turned.
  43. Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) : It provides the location of the camshaft in relation to the piston position.
  44. Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor : It gives the location of the crankshaft, which is essential for the ignition timing in the engine.
  45. Air Flow Sensor (AFS) : A sensor that measures the amount of air entering the engine.
  46. Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor : It measures the temperature of the air entering the engine.
  47. Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) Sensor : It measures the temperature of the exhaust gases.
  48. Steering torque sensor : A sensor that measures the force applied to the steering wheel.
  49. G-sensor : Sensor that measures acceleration or the force of gravity in a vehicle.
  50. Oxygen sensor or Lambda probe : It measures the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas.
  51. ECU Mapping : The process of changing ECU parameters to improve engine performance.
  52. CAN chassis : A communications bus that allows data exchange between chassis components.
  53. Open Circuit/Short Circuit : An open circuit is a circuit where current cannot flow. A short circuit is a circuit where current flows directly from the power supply to ground, without passing through the load.
  54. Throttle control : The device that controls the amount of air entering the engine.
  55. Left/Right Driving : Terms used to refer to which side of the vehicle the driver is on.
  56. OBD connector : The physical port on the vehicle to which the diagnostic tool connects.
  57. Engine couple : The rotational force produced by the motor.
  58. Cold start : The process of starting the engine when it is at its lowest temperature, usually after being off for an extended period of time.
  59. Power brakes : A system that uses engine pressure to help apply the brakes.
  60. Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI) : A type of fuel injection system where fuel is injected into each cylinder individually.
  61. Bosch ESI[tronic] : A popular diagnostic software designed by Bosch that provides detailed vehicle information, including repair guides, wiring diagrams and technical service bulletins.
  62. Carly : An automotive diagnostic application that allows users to read and reset diagnostic codes on their vehicle using a specific OBD adapter.
  63. Real-time diagnosis : The ability to monitor and diagnose vehicle problems in real time while it is running.
  64. ELM327 : A popular microcontroller used in many OBD diagnostic adapters. It allows diagnostic software to communicate with the vehicle's OBD system.
  65. Flashing the ECU : The process of updating software in the ECU, often done to improve performance or correct problems.
  66. FORScan : Specific diagnostic software for Ford, Lincoln and Mercury vehicles, allowing access to modules that are generally not accessible with generic OBD scanners.
  67. Bluetooth OBD interface : An OBD adapter that uses Bluetooth to communicate with diagnostic software on a mobile device or computer.
  68. WiFi OBD interface : An OBD adapter that uses WiFi to communicate with diagnostic software.
  69. ODBKey : An OBD adapter that is used to connect a computer or other device to a vehicle's OBD system.
  70. Key programming : The process of programming a new key for a vehicle, often necessary when returning a lost or stolen key.
  71. Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) protocol : A communications protocol used for diagnostics and programming of modern vehicles.
  72. Rehabilitation : The process by which a module or system is recalibrated or reset to return to factory specifications or to accommodate new parts or modifications.
  73. TOAD (Total OBD & ECU Auto Diagnostics) : An automotive diagnostic software that can read and clear fault codes, view real-time data and change ECU settings.
  74. VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System) : A specific diagnostic software for Volkswagen Group vehicles, including Audi, Volkswagen, Seat and Skoda.
  75. Adaptation of the injector : The process of programming fuel injectors to ensure precise fuel delivery.
  76. Battery sensor (BMS) : System that monitors the condition of a vehicle's battery and communicates this information to the ECU.
  77. Powertrain Control Module (PCM) : The control unit that manages a vehicle's engine and transmission systems.
  78. Immobilizer system : A security system that prevents the vehicle from starting unless a specific key or signal is detected.
  79. Dual-clutch automatic transmission (DCT) : A type of automatic transmission that uses two separate clutches for odd and even gears, providing faster and smoother gear changes.
  80. EOBD (European On-Board Diagnostics) : The European version of the OBD-II system. All vehicles sold in Europe are required by law to be EOBD compatible.
  81. CAN-Bus (Controller Area Network) : A communications protocol used by OBD-II and EOBD to allow different vehicle systems to communicate with each other.
  82. ISO 9141-2 : A communications protocol used in the OBD-II and EOBD system, generally for European vehicles manufactured before 2004.
  83. KWP2000 (Keyword Protocol 2000) : A communications protocol used in the OBD-II and EOBD system, often used by European vehicles.
  84. OBDLink : A type of OBD interface that can be used to diagnose vehicle problems using compatible software on a computer or mobile device.
  85. OBD-II PIDs (Parameter IDs) : Codes used by the OBD-II system to identify the specific data that is requested and provided by the OBD system.
  86. SAE J1850 PWM/VPW : Communication protocols used mainly by Ford (PWM – Pulse Width Modulation) and General Motors (VPW – Variable Pulse Width).
  87. Scantool : A type of diagnostic tool that can be used to read OBD error codes and other vehicle information.
  88. DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) : Error codes that are recorded by the OBD system when it detects a problem.
  89. ECU (Engine Control Unit) : The computer that controls most functions of a vehicle's engine. The ECU receives information from numerous sensors and uses this information to optimize engine performance.
  90. Common Rail Fuel System : A fuel injection system used in modern diesel engines.
  91. FAP (Particle Filter) : A component of diesel engines that filters harmful particles from exhaust gases.
  92. EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) : System designed to reduce pollution by rerouting a certain amount of exhaust gas into the engine intake.
  93. DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) : The English name for the Particle Filter. It is used to retain fine particles produced by diesel engines.
  94. AdBlue : Solution composed of urea and demineralized water used in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel engines.
  95. Renault CLIP (Can Clip) : This is the official diagnostic software used by Renault dealers. It allows access to all diagnostic and repair functions, including ECU programming.
  96. Peugeot Planet/Citroën Lexia : These are the official diagnostic software used by Peugeot and Citroën dealerships respectively. They offer comprehensive diagnostic and repair functions.
  97. Diagbox : Diagnostic software for Peugeot and Citroën vehicles. Diagbox is the successor to Peugeot Planet and Citroën Lexia.
  98. PSA : Acronym for Peugeot Société Anonyme, the parent company of Peugeot and Citroën.
  99. DS Automobiles : A premium brand founded by the PSA group. DS vehicles are often diagnosed using Diagbox, just like Peugeot and Citroën.
  100. VAG-COM/VCDS : Diagnostic software developed by Ross-Tech for Volkswagen Group vehicles, including Volkswagen, Audi, Seat and Skoda.
  101. VAS 5054A : This is the official diagnostic interface used by Volkswagen Group dealers. It is often used with ODIS software.
  102. ODIS (Offboard Diagnostic Information System) : The official diagnostic and programming software used by Volkswagen, Audi, Seat and Skoda dealerships.
  103. R-Link : The infotainment system used in many Renault vehicles.
  104. Multi-Sense : A system available on certain Renault vehicles that allows the driver to customize the car's settings, such as throttle response and interior lighting.
  105. PureTech : A range of three-cylinder gasoline engines produced by the PSA group.
  106. BlueHDi : A range of diesel engines produced by the PSA group. They are equipped with an SCR system and a particulate filter to reduce emissions.
  107. TSI (Turbocharged Stratified Injection) : A range of gasoline engines produced by the Volkswagen group. They use turbo and direct injection to improve performance and efficiency.
  108. TDI (Turbocharged Direct Injection) : A range of diesel engines produced by the Volkswagen group. Like the TSI engines, they use a turbo and direct injection.
  109. Delphi DS150E : Multi-brand automotive diagnostic software that offers wide vehicle coverage. It allows you to read and clear error codes, activate components, program keys and much more.
  110. Autocom CDP+ : A popular vehicle diagnostic software used by many mechanics and garages. It offers wide vehicle coverage and a range of diagnostic functions.
  111. Autel MaxiCOM MK808 : A multi-brand automotive diagnostic tablet with wide vehicle coverage. It offers a range of diagnostic functions, including reading and clearing fault codes, key programming, and EPB and DPF service.
  112. Launch X431 : A multi-brand diagnostic tool that offers wide vehicle coverage. It can read and clear error codes, view live data, perform actuator testing and much more.
  113. Snap-On Diagnostics : Supplier of professional quality automotive diagnostic tools. Their products include Verus and Solus diagnostic software.
  114. Bosch KTS Series : A range of diagnostic tools that use Bosch ESI[tronic] software for multi-brand coverage.
  115. EasyDiag : An OBD-II adapter from the Launch brand which, associated with the corresponding application, allows multi-brand diagnosis.
  116. Actia Multi-Diag : A multi-brand diagnostic tool that offers wide coverage of European, Asian and American vehicles.
  117. Foxwell NT624 Elite : A multi-brand automotive diagnostic scanner with wide vehicle coverage. It offers a range of diagnostic functions including reading and clearing fault codes, component testing and EPB and DPF service.
  118. Carista OBD2 : A multi-brand diagnostic tool that allows users to read and clear fault codes, customize their vehicle settings and perform routine tests.
  119. OBD Auto Doctor : Multi-brand diagnostic software that can read and clear fault codes, view real-time data, check emissions readiness, and more.
  120. TOAD (Total OBD & ECU Auto Diagnostics) : Software that can read and clear fault codes, view real-time data, test vehicle components and change ECU settings.
  121. Zed-FULL : An all-in-one key programmer that provides extensive coverage for key programming, transponder cloning, PIN reading, and much more.
  122. Xhorse VVDI : A series of key programming tools that can clone, program and adapt keys for a wide variety of vehicle brands.
  123. Autel IM508 / IM608 : Key programming tools that offer a wide variety of functions, including key programming, ECU coding, and reading and clearing fault codes.
  124. Advanced Diagnostics – AD100 Pro / MVP Pro : Automotive key programming tools that provide extensive coverage for many vehicle brands.
  125. Silca SBB / SBB Pro2 : Key programmers that can program new keys and remotes for a variety of vehicles.
  126. CGDI Prog : A series of key programming tools that can read ECU data, program new keys, and offer other diagnostic functions.
  127. Smart Pro / AD Pro : Key programmers from Advanced Diagnostics that offer key and transponder programming functions for a wide range of vehicle makes and models.
  128. KeyDIY : A range of key programming tools that can create keys and remotes for a wide variety of vehicles.
  129. Lonsdor K518 : A key programmer that offers a wide variety of functions, including key programming, ECU coding, and reading and clearing fault codes.
  130. Eeprom : A type of persistent memory used in the ECU and other electronic systems of the car. Some key programmers can read and write to the Eeprom to program new keys.
  131. Transponder : A type of chip used in car keys that transmits a unique signal to the car's immobilizer to allow starting.
  132. Key cloning : The process of creating an exact copy of a car key by duplicating the transponder information.
  133. Key programming : The process of adding a new key to the memory of a car's ECU or immobilizer, allowing that key to start the vehicle.
  134. Pin code : A secret code required by some vehicles to program new keys or perform other diagnostic or programming functions.
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